Issue link: https://beckershealthcare.uberflip.com/i/447830
13 Executive Briefing: UV Light Disinfection Building on a century-long legacy in cleaning and disinfecting, Clorox Healthcare offers a wide range of products to help stop the spread of infection in healthcare facilities. From comprehensive surface disinfection, including advanced ultraviolet technology, to skin antisepsis, we are committed to providing efficacious solutions to the healthcare community. pathogen hierarchies, micro-efficacy data and peer-reviewed studies, and by applying principles set by the CDC and EPA to understand how to address dangerous emerging pathogens. For information about Clorox Healthcare™ Optimum-UV™ Sys- tem, a comprehensive bundled approach for environmental infec- tion control, as well as information about emerging pathogens and HAIs, visit www.CloroxHealthcare.com/UV. n (Endnotes) 1 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "Interim Guidance for Environ- mental Infection Control in Hospitals for Ebolavirus." 1 August 2014. http:// www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/hcp/environmental-infection-control-in-hospitals.html. 2 US Environmental Protection Agency. "Implementation of the Emerging Pathogens and Disinfection Hierarchy for Antimicrobial Products." 3 April 2008. http://www.epa.gov/oppad001/disinfection_hier.htm. 3 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "Severe Respiratory Illness As- sociated with Enterovirus D68 – Multiple States, 2014." Official CDC Health Advisory. 12 September 2014. http://emergency.cdc.gov/han/han00369.asp. 4 The FEM Microbiology Action Team. "Method Validation of U.S. Environmen- tal Protection Agency Microbiological Methods of Analysis." The EPA Forum on Environmental Measurements (FEM) . FEM Document Number 2009-01. 7 October 2009. http://www.epa.gov/fem/pdfs/final_microbiology_method_guid- ance_110409.pdf. 5 Sinclair, R.G. et al. "Criteria for Selection of Surrogates Used to Study the Fate and Control of Pathogens in the Environment." Appl Environ Microbiol. 78.6 (2012): 1969-1977. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3298155/ pdf/zam1969.pdf 6 US Environmental Protection Agency. "Implementation of the Emerging Pathogens and Disinfection Hierarchy for Antimicrobial Products." 3 April 2008. http://www.epa.gov/oppad001/disinfection_hier.htm. 7a. As referenced by the EPA: Spaulding, E.H. "Chemical disinfection of medi- cal and surgical materials." Disinfection, Sterilization, & Preservation, 3rd Edi- tion., Block, S. (Ed). Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1968. 517-31. 7b. See also: Favero, M.S., Bond, W.W. "Chemical disinfection of medical and surgical materials." Disinfection, Sterilization, & Preservation, 5th Edition. Block, S. (Ed). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2001. 888 (Table 43.2).. 8 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "Interim Guidance for Environ- mental Infection Control in Hospitals for Ebolavirus." 1 August 2014. http:// www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/hcp/environmental-infection-control-in-hospitals.html. 9 Kowalski, W. Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation Handbook: UVGI for Air and Surface Disinfection. Springer, 2009. 10 Bolton, J.R., C.A. Cotton. The Ultraviolet Disinfection Handbook. American Water Works Association, 2008. 11 Kowalski, W. Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation Handbook: UVGI for Air and Surface Disinfection. Springer, 2009. 467. 12 Adapted from W. Kowalski, Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation Handbook: UVGI for Air and Surface Disinfection, Springer, 2009. 75. 13 For example: Kowalski, W. Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation Handbook: UVGI for Air and Surface Disinfection. Springer, 2009. Appendices A, B, C. 14 The response to UV exposure is often described in terms of UV inactivation dosage or UV rate constants. For example, the UV dose required to inactivate 99% of the organism (2 log kill) is referred to as the D 99 dose. UV Doses are typically listed by either their D 90 (90% inactivation) or D 99 values, and differ- ent sources use different units (i.e., J/m 2 , μW-sec/cm², or mw-sec/cm²) for the dose, so care must be taken when comparing referenced dose values. In general, the D 99 value is approximately twice the value listed for D 90 . 15 Sagripanti, J.L., Lytle, D.C. "Sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation of Lassa, vac- cinia, and Ebolaviruses dried on surfaces." Arch Virol 156 (2011): 489–494. 16 Kowalski, W.J. Internal UVDI/Clorox Communication. 17 Sagripanti, J.L., Lytle, D.C. "Sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation of Lassa, vac- cinia, and Ebolaviruses dried on surfaces." Arch Virol 156 (2011) : 489–494. 18 Bausch, D.G. et al. "Assessment of the Risk of Ebolavirus Transmission from Bodily Fluids and Fomites." J Infect Dis 196 (2007): S142–7. 19 Carling, P.C., Parry, M.M., Rupp, M.E., Po, J.L., Dick, B., Von Beheren, S., Healthcare Environmental Hygiene Study Group. "Improving Cleaning of the Environment Surrounding Patients in 36 Acute Care Hospitals." Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 29.11 (2008): 1035-41. 20 Memarzadeh, F. et al. "Applications of ultraviolet germicidal irradiation dis- infection in health care facilities: Effective adjunct, but not stand-alone technol- ogy." Am J Infect Control 38 (2010): S13-24.http://www.ashe.org/resources/ tools/pdfs/ajic1006_memarzadeholmstedbartley_uvgi.pdf. In light of the dangers posed by emerging pathogens, many hospitals are interested in emerging technologies such as UV-C technology to reduce transmission to patients and their staff.